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Out of Many, One

Written by Alex Ford
Edited by Hector Mendoza and Zoe Yeoh
Illustrated by Zoe Yeoh

I. The Tower of Babel

In the beginning, there was a stone. A stone by itself is simple. Monolithic in concept and function. But introduce a second stone. Place it upon the first. Add another. A stack forms and they become more than the sum of their parts. Before there was life, there were simply stones longing for more. Patient stones that awaited the first tumble to start an avalanche. 

Somewhere in the infant Earth, at the grinding edge of a sunken continental plate, magma oozes into deep water. Volcanic fires churn in the darkness and spew black clouds into the crushing depths. In this energy-rich crucible, a lone carbon finds hydrogen, finds nitrogen, and the first organic molecules begin to assemble in the deep.

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Appreciating the Intricacies of Science Through Sculpture: The Powerhouse of the Cell

Written and Sculpted by Emily L. Eberhardt
Edited by Kate Giffin

Amidst the global pandemic in 2020, I began to explore science through art. In my research, I studied mitochondrial proteins (mitochondria are small structures in cells that produce necessary energy), but with lab closures, my hands were idle. With a box of beads, a freshly-passed candidacy exam, and limitless time, I sat and considered the power of mitochondria. Fascinated by their complexity, I began to craft sculptures. 

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Letter from the Editors

Written by Kate Giffin and Kristen Schuh

Dear Readers,

In this edition of EquilibriUM, we delve into the intricate ways that science and art connect and enhance each other.

In a world that often compartmentalizes disciplines, it is necessary to bridge these gaps to discover fresh perspectives, foster innovation, and enrich our collective knowledge. Both of us work in interdisciplinary fields studying how the brain and body interact in sometimes strange and nonsensical ways – connections are one of our favorite parts about research. 

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Neural Network Boogie

Cover Concept and Art: Naomi Raicu

In this piece, I explored  the neural network concept by connecting it to artistic and emotional aspects of the human experience: music, group dance, and a sense of community and interconnectedness. In the real world, a cognitive “dance” of changing neural connections not only determines who we are, but also inspires innovation in science and technology.

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“Pivot!”: How I navigated a post-PhD swerve to find a career

Written by: Ruby Miller

Edited by: Jennifer Baker, Julia Donovan, Victoria Sturgess, and Ryan Schildcrout

Illustrated by: Jacquelyn Roberts

“What did you mean when you said ‘pivot’?” 

This inquiring comment from Chandler is the final beat from that iconic scene in the TV show Friends where Ross has enlisted Rachel and Chandler to help him move a couch up the stairs. Even after Ross sketches out how to enact the move and directs his friends while traversing the staircase, all three friends end up stuck on the staircase, pinned under the heavy furniture, wondering what went wrong.

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From Bacteria to Bedside: FDA Approves First CRISPR-based Gene Therapy

Written by: Madison Fitzgerald

Edited by: Ryan Schildcrout, Jennifer Baker, Christina Del Greco, Ari Hoffman, and Emma Milligan

Illustrated by: Zoe Yeoh

We inherit a lot of things from our parents–an old jean jacket, family recipes, or even a penchant for dessert. On the cellular level, we inherit a set of genes from each of our parents that determine traits like eye color and blood type. In some unfortunate cases, people can inherit genes that cause disease. Most treatments that are currently available for genetic diseases help manage symptoms but are not curative because the disease-causing gene remains broken.

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La Genética y la Ilusión de Precisión

Autor: Christa Ventresca

Editores: Christina Del Greco, Andres Rivera Ruiz, Kate Giffin, and Jennifer Baker

Ilustración: Saaj Chattopadhyay

Traducción: Llilian Arzola Martínez y Rocío Cisneros 

Esta es la primera parte de una serie conformada por tres blogs que exploran el impacto de los análisis genéticos en la identidad personal. ¡Pronto publicarémos la segunda y tercera parte!

Si tienes curiosidad por descubrir la información que se oculta dentro de tu ADN, hoy en día disponemos de la tecnología necesaria para explorar nuestros genes. Puede ser que desees verificar el historial familiar de tus ancestros, o tal vez te preocupe la presencia de enfermedades genéticas en tu familia. Para obtener más información al respecto, puedes enviar una muestra de saliva a la empresa popular de análisis genéticos “23andMe”. Los resultados que recibirás incluirán una serie de estadísticas y números, todos ellos fundamentados en tu ADN. Sin embargo, ¿cómo interpretarás estos resultados? Y, ¿cuánta confianza tendrás en que todos los datos sean precisos?

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Decoding Herculaneum Scrolls with Artificial Intelligence

Written by: Julia Donovan

Edited by: Madison Fitzgerald, Kapil Shrawankar, Nick Janne, Ryan Schildcrout

When Mount Vesuvius erupted, it simultaneously destroyed the entire civilization of Pompeii whilst preserving the city under volcanic ash. Among the items excavated in 1752 was a collection of 1,800 scrolls from the nearby city of Herculaneum. The Herculaneum Scrolls are the only known large-scale library in classic antiquity. Given the small number of classical works that have survived beyond the period–Sophocles wrote 120 plays but only 7 remain–there is hope that these scrolls contain unknown works. Some researchers argue that only the best works from antiquity had a chance at survival, meaning the 7 plays of Sophocles that exist were his most popular ones. Evidence for this theory includes the fact that the Iliad was the most copied poem during antiquity, with many private manuscripts of the poem surviving to this day. Other experts argue that the survival of classical works is purely due to chance, supported by the fact that the poems by Catullus survive in only one manuscript. Similarly, the works of Sappho, which were highly regarded in her own times, exist only in fragments. Decoding the contents of these surviving scrolls could extensively add to the body of classical works. However, previous attempts to open the scrolls have led to their destruction. Due to the volcanizing of the scrolls, the brittleness of the papyrus causes breakage and the ink often fades when exposed to air. As a result, approximately 1,000 of the Herculaneum Scrolls remain intact. Researchers began to wonder if there was a way to see inside the scrolls without opening them, and if artificial intelligence (AI) could then help decode what was written. In 2023, AI aided in the discovery of the first word from a Herculaneum scroll. The path to this monumental step built on the AI research of many different labs.    

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关于“意识”的神经科学研究:历史回溯

作者 (Author): 瑞秋·沃尔伯格 (Rachel Wahlberg)

英文编辑 (English Editors): 奥利维亚·皮弗·阿尔(Olivia Pifer Alge), 奥斯汀·香农(Austin Shannon), 安德烈斯·里维拉·鲁伊斯 (Andrés Rivera Ruiz), 詹妮弗·贝克(Jennifer Baker )

插图 (Illustrator): 哈娜·帕斯·哈布曼 (Hana Paz Harbman)

中文翻译 (Chinese Translator): 李易为 (Yiwei Li)

中文编辑 (Chinese Editor): 杨知颖 (Zhiying Yang)

注:本博文是我们有关“意识”的神经科学研究介绍的第一篇。请继续期待我们的第二篇和第三篇!

如果你我在路上相遇,而我问你是否有意识,你会如何回答?我猜你会说:“嗯,有吧?”——如果我们是同一类人,那你可能会像我一样在回答后紧张地笑笑,思考自己方才到底是进行了一段什么样的对话。

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Dr. Leemor Joshua-Tor: Mad about U: Regulating Let7 Pre-miRNA

Live Blogger: Rachael Baliira
Editors: Madison Fitzgerald and Ryan Schildcrout

This piece was written live during the 8th annual RNA Symposium, “Unmasking the Power of RNA: From Structure to Medicine” hosted by the University of Michigan’s Center for RNA Biomedicine. Follow MiSciWriters’ coverage of this event on Twitter with the hashtag #umichrna.

When you look back at your baby photo, first grade school picture with missing teeth, or even your prom photo, and compare them to your latest selfie, have you stopped to marvel at how you’ve developed into the person you are now? If you dive into the mechanisms that ensure normal development, cell differentiation and fate, you would be amazed at all that has to go right to make you ‘you.’ Your body achieves this through gene silencing, which is a negative feedback mechanism that regulates gene expression to define cell fate and timely gene expression. Micro-RNAs (miRNA) are the small agents that carry out gene silencing. They suppress unwanted expression of specific genes by binding to their mature transcripts, known as messenger RNA (mRNA), so that the cell only expresses proteins that are needed at the time. When this happens, the marked mRNA are destroyed instead of being translated into a protein. Thus, miRNA-dependent silencing of gene expression is essential for normal development and cell differentiation states. Over the years, scientists studying miRNA have uncovered much about miRNA-dependent gene silencing activity but there is still much to understand about how miRNAs come to be. Luckily, miRNA synthesis and regulation is a matter of great importance to the Joshua-Tor lab. 

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